Al2 (SO4)3, 18H2O, FeCl3 and Ca (OH)2 were used for the treatment of tannery wastewaters. The influences of pH and coagulant dosages were studied. Conditions were optimised according to the pollutant removal efficiencies, the volume of decanted sludge and the biodegradability INDEX improvement. The results indicate that 67-71% of total COD, 76-92% of color and 79-97% of Cr can be removed using the optimum coagulant dosages at the optimum pH range. Al2 (SO4)3, 18H2O and Ca (OH)2 produced better results than FeCl3 in terms of COD, color and Cr removal as well as in terms of biodegradability improvement. Moreover, Al2 (SO4)3, 18H2O and FeCl3 produced the least amount of sludges for a given amounts of COD, color and Cr removed in comparison with Ca (OH)2. Al2 (SO4)3, 18H2O seems to be suitable for yielding high pollutant removals and corresponding low volumes of decanted sludges in addition to improving wastewaters biodegradability INDEX.

The purpose of this study was to measure sensory, chemical, microbial, freshness and shelf life of packaged Tilapia fillets by vacuum and modified atmosphere METHODs compared to fillets packaged by aerobic METHOD at refrigeration. METHODs: Treatments consisted of Tilapia fillets packaged by vacuum and modified atmosphere METHODs. The fillets packaged by aerobic METHOD were as control samples. Findings: TVB-N, PV, TBARS, total bacterial count, Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas bacteria, sensory parameters and freshness showed significant differences in experimental and control treatments (P<0. 05). The studied factors did not show significant difference in modified atmosphere treatments compared to vacuum treatments (p> 0. 05). Coliform, Escherichia coli and anaerobic bacteria were not observed in experimental and control treatments. Sensory evaluation and frshness were better in modified atmosphere treatment compared to vacuum treatment (p> 0. 05). Chemical, microbial, sensory factors and freshness had significantly different in the experimental treatments compared to the control sample (p<0. 05). The experimental and control treatments had good quality during 14 and 6 days at refrigeration. Conclusion: Considering the absence of significant differences in microbial and chemical quality of experimental treatments and higher sensory evaluation and freshness of modified atmosphere treatment compared to other treatments, modified atmosphere packaging METHOD is recommended for packing Tilapia fish fillet at refrigerator temperature.

Inertial Navigation System (INS) is one of the navigation systems widely used in various land-based, aerial, and marine applications. Among all types of INS, Microelectromechanical System (MEMS)-based INS can be widely utilized, owing to their low cost, lightweight, and small size. However, due to the manufacturing technology, MEMS-based INS suffers from deterministic and stochastic errors, which increase positioning errors over time. In this paper, a new effective noise REDUCTION METHOD is proposed that can provide more accurate outputs of MEMS-based inertial sensors. The intelligent METHOD in this paper is a combined denoising METHOD that combines Wavelet Transform (WT), Permutation Entropy (PE), Support Vector Regression (SVR), and Genetic Algorithm (GA). Firstly, WT is employed to obtain a time-frequency representation of raw data. Secondly, a four-element feature vector is formed. These four features are (1) amplitude of frequency, (2) its ratio to mean of amplitudes of all frequencies, (3) location of frequency in time-frequency representation, and (4) judgment on behaviors of frequency that is obtained by utilizing PE. Thirdly, based on the feature vector, the GA-SVR algorithm predicts amplitudes of all frequencies in the time-frequency representation of the denoised signal. Finally, by employing inverse WT the denoised signal is obtained. In this work, the outputs of the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) in ADIS16407 sensor, as a low-cost and MEMS-based INS, have been utilized for data collection. The proposed METHOD has been compared with other noise REDUCTION METHODs and the achieved results verify superior improvement than other METHODs.

Statistical analysis of non-normal data is usually more complicated than that for normal distribution. In this paper, a simple root/power transformation technique developed by Niaki, et al [1] is extended to transform right and left skewed distributions to nearly normal. The value of the root/power is explored such that the skewness of the transformed data becomes almost zero with an acceptable error. The proposed METHOD is then compared to the well-known and complicated Box, et al [2] transformation METHOD for different left and right skewed distributions using Monte Carlo simulation. While the proposed procedure is easy to understand and to implement, the results of the simulation study show that it works as good as the Box-Cox METHOD.

High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is considered the last standard for video compression with about 50% additional compression compared to the previous standard i. e. H264/AVC, while maintaining image quality. The significant increase in performance of this standard has been achieved with high computational complexity. In this standard, the intra prediction unit is one of the parts that although it greatly improves performance, it significantly increases its computational complexity due to the increase in the number of prediction modes. In this paper, a METHOD has been proposed to reduce the number of intra prediction modes in HEVC by which the computational complexity of compression at this stage can be reduced as much as possible. The proposed METHOD determines the predominant mode of 4 × 4 blocks, and the details in each larger block, and accordingly, by applying the appropriate filters and selecting the most likely mode, the number of candidate modes to select the best mode is reduced. The simulation results showed that on average the proposed METHOD can reduce the compression time by 45% while increasing the bit rate by 0. 69%.

Background and objectives: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the most common mononeuropathy encountered in clinical practice. Conventional electro diagnosis studies have been useful in the diagnosis of this condition. The Terminal Latency INDEX (TLI) is a derived neurophysiological value that adjusts the Distal motor Latency (DL) for the terminal distance and motor nerve Conduction Velocity (CV).Several studies have suggested utility of the median TLI for diagnosis of CTS.The goal of this study is to evaluate prospectively the sensitivity of the median TLI in the diagnosis of CTS and compare it with other electrodiagnosis techniques.Material and METHODs: This study was done on 111 patients as CTS group & 62 healthy subject as control group. In all groups five selected tests of electrodiagnosis were done and all of them were compared with TLI sensitivity.Results: The mean TLI was 0.3±0.05 in the CTS group and 0.42±0.03 in the control group. The sensitivity of TLI was 73% The TLI wasn't statistically better than the other tests, but in three cases from the CTS group, the TLI was the only abnormal test.The 7 and 14 cm METHOD had meaningful sensitivity in contrary to other tests.Conclusion: The sensitivity of TLI has no meaningful difference with other routine electro diagnostic tests in diagnosis of CTS.The median TLI is a useful but not more sensitive electrodiagnostic test for CTS.

Introduction: Three METHODs of OCRA INDEX, Strain INDEX (SI), and ACGIH HAL have been proposed for the assessment of risk factors of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. Investigating the correlation and consistency of these three METHODs are of prominence importance in the workplaces. Thus, this study aimed to determine the correlations of the results of the above mentioned METHODs. Materials and METHODs: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 150 tasks were studied in four industries. For each task, a video taping of a full working cycle was prepared and evaluated according to the instructions of each METHOD. The level of risk exposure to musculoskeletal disorders was analyzed with correlation and Kappa agreement coefficient tests using SPSS (version 16) and R software packages.Results: The correlation between the results of risk assessments of OCRA and SI METHODs for right and left hands were acceptable and equal to 0.751 and 0.726, respectively (p<0.001). Meanwhile, the coefficients of agreement between OCRA and HAL METHODs for left and right hands were 0.526 and 0.595, respectively.Conclusion: These findings partly confirmed the agreement between the METHODs of risk assessment. The origin of this partial agreement can be the number and type of variables and their impacts on the final score of the METHODs.